READING : Nutrition

A balanced, nutritious diet is an important aspect of a healthy pregnancy. Eating a healthy diet, balancing carbohydrates, fat, and proteins, and eating a variety of fruits and vegetables, usually ensures good nutrition. Those whose diets are affected by health issues, religious requirements, or ethical beliefs may choose to consult a health professional for specific advice.
Adequate periconceptional folic acid (also called folate or Vitamin B9) intake has been shown to decrease the risk of fetal neural tube defects such as spina bifida, a serious birth defect. The neural tube develops during the first 28 days of pregnancy, explaining the necessity to guarantee adequate periconceptional folate intake. Folate (from folia, leaf) is abundant in spinach (fresh, frozen, or canned), and is found in green leafy vegetables e.g. salads, beets, broccoli, asparagus, citrus fruits and melons, chickpeas (i.e. in the form of hummus or falafel), and eggs. In the United States and Canada, most wheat products (flour, noodles) are fortified with folic acid.
DHA omega-3 is a major structural fatty acid in the brain and retina, and is naturally found in breast milk. It is important for the woman to consume adequate amounts of DHA during pregnancy and while nursing to support her well-being and the health of her infant. Developing infants cannot produce DHA efficiently, and must receive this vital nutrient from the woman through the placenta during pregnancy and in breast milk after birth.
Several micronutrients are important for the health of the developing fetus, especially in areas of the world where insufficient nutrition is prevalent. In developed areas, such as Western Europe and the United States, certain nutrients such as Vitamin D and calcium, required for bone development, may require supplementation. A 2011 study examined cord blood of healthy neonates and found that low levels of vitamin D are associated with increased risk of lower respiratory tract infection the first year of life.
Dangerous bacteria or parasites may contaminate foods, including Listeria and Toxoplasma gondii. Careful washing of fruits and raw vegetables may remove these pathogens, as may thoroughly cooking leftovers, meat, or processed meat. Soft cheeses may contain Listeria; if milk is raw, the risk may increase. Cat feces pose a particular risk of toxoplasmosis. Pregnant women are also more prone to Salmonella infections from eggs and poultry, which should be thoroughly cooked. Practicing good hygiene in the kitchen can reduce these risks.


A.    List Of Vocabularies

•      Nutrition : nutrisi / gizi

•      Healthy : sehat

•      Ethical : pantas

•      Guarantee : jaminan

•      Defect : mendapatkan

•      Wheat : terigu / gandum

•      Fatty acid : zat asam yang mengandung gemuk

•      Brain : otak

•      Retina : selaput jala

•      Placenta : ari-ari

•      Breast milk : ASI ( air susu ibu )

•      Respiratory : alat-alat pernapasan

•      Meat : daging

B     Answer the question from the text above!

1.    Why should woman’s pregnancy must consume healthy food?
2.    What cause of fetal neural tube defect?
3.    What is DHA omega 3?
4.    Mention several micronutrients according to text!
5.    What is the fuction of vitamin D and calcium?

C.    Tenses

• Present future tense

Untuk menyatakan peristiwa, kegiatan atau tindakan yang akan terjadi di masa depan.
Pola Kalimat :
(+) S+ shall/will + be + V1-ing
I will be hungry, I am going to go home tomorrow
(-) S + shall/will + not + have + been + adj/adv/
I will not be hungry; I am going to go home.
(?) Shall/will + S|+be+Adj/Adv/N
Will she be hungry ? ; Won’t you be hungry ? ; Are you going to go home ?